scientificamerican
The Philosophical Implications of the Urge to Urinate
The state of our body affects how we think the world works
Wikipedia
Aporia
(Ancient Greek: ἀπορία:) denotes in philosophy a philosophical puzzle or state of puzzlement and in rhetoric a rhetorically useful expression of doubt.
YouTube
Wittgenstein - Sea of Faith
Part one of a two-part excerpt on Ludwig Wittgenstein, focusing on his sense of religious belief. Taken from the 1984 BBC documentary, Sea of Faith.
STANFORD
After 20 years, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy thrives on the web
The Stanford scholars who founded the groundbreaking online encyclopedia say that the project owes its success to the unique way it organizes its community of…
Open Culture
The 43 Most Important Philosophy Books Written Between 1950-2000
Wittgenstein, Foucault, Rawls & More
NYBooks
The Consciousness Deniers
By Galen Strawson. What is the silliest claim ever made? The competition is fierce, but I think the answer is easy. Some people have denied the existence of consciousness: conscious experience, the subjective character of experience, the “what-it-is-like” of experience. Next to this denial—I’ll call it “the Denial”—every known religious belief is only a little less sensible than the belief that grass is green.
PDF
Why Philosophers Should Care About Computational Complexity
One might think that, once we know something is computable, how efficiently it can be computed is a practical question with little further philosophical importance. In this essay, I offer a detailed case that one would be wrong. In particular, I argue that computational complexity theory—the field that studies the resources (such as time, space, and randomness) needed to solve computational problems—leads to new perspectives on the nature of mathematical knowledge, the strong AI debate, computationalism, the problem of logical omniscience, Hume’s problem of induction, Goodman’s grue riddle, the foundations of quantum mechanics, economic rationality, closed timelike curves, and several other topics of philosophical interest. I end by discussing aspects of complexity theory itself that could benefit from philosophical analysis.
Wikipedia
Nomic
Nomic is a game created in 1982 by philosopher Peter Suber in which the rules of the game include mechanisms for the players to change those rules, usually beginning through a system of democratic voting. // Nomic is a game in which changing the rules is a move. In that respect it differs from almost every other game. The primary activity of Nomic is proposing changes in the rules, debating the wisdom of changing them in that way, voting on the changes, deciding what can and cannot be done afterwards, and doing it. Even this core of the game, of course, can be changed.
AEON
Why the Western philosophical canon is xenophobic and racist
Academic philosophy in ‘the West’ ignores and disdains the thought traditions of China, India and Africa. This must change.
consc.net
The Two-Dimensional Argument Against Materialism
A number of popular arguments for dualism start from a premise about an epistemic gap between physical truths about truths about consciousness, and infer an ontological gap between physical processes and consciousness. Arguments of this sort include the conceivability argument, the knowledge argument, the explanatory-gap argument, and the property dualism argument. Such arguments are often resisted on the grounds that epistemic premises do not entail ontological conclusion.
CRITICAL-THEORY
The Greatest Philosopher of Them All According to GoogleCritical-Theory.com
Google auto-complete can often give one insight into the bizarre, bigoted ways of the internet. So much so that UN Women decided to use Google's auto-complete…
consc.net
Consciousness and its Place in Nature
This paper is an overview of issues concerning the metaphysics of consciousness. Much of the discussion in this paper (especially the first part) recapitulates discussion in Chalmers (1995; 1996; 1997), although it often takes a different form, and sometimes goes beyond the discussion there. I give a more detailed treatment of many of the issues discussed here in the works cited in the bibliography
Wikipedia
Instrumentalism
If ~6 different models (for quantum mechanics) calculate with reasonable precision, and most have their own niche application, to commit to hard realism, of which there is no evidence outside hidden premises, is totally arbitrary.
SEP
John Scottus Eriugena
Johannes (c.800 - c.877), who signed himself as ‘Eriugena’ in one manuscript, and who was referred to by his contemporaries as ‘the Irishman’ (scottus — in the 9th century Ireland was referred to as ‘Scotia Maior’ and its inhabitants as ‘scotti’) is the most significant Irish intellectual of the early monastic period. He is generally recognized to be both the outstanding philosopher (in terms of originality) of the Carolingian era and of the whole period of Latin philosophy stretching from Boethius to Anselm.
Stanford EP
Gorampa
Gorampa Sonam Senge (go rams pa bsod nams seng ge, 1429–89) is one of the most widely-studied philosophers in the Sakya (sa skya) school of Tibetan Buddhism. A fierce critic of Tsongkhapa, the founder of what later came to be known as the Gelug (dge lugs) school, his works were so controversial that they were suppressed by Gelug leaders shortly after they were composed.
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